My cultural timeline of the world continues:

1851 – 1900 AD 

1851 AD — The novel, Moby Dick, is published by Herman Melville.

1851 AD — Hemingway House was built in Key West, Florida. It was a private residence and not in the Hemingway family until 1931. It is famous for its six and seven-toed cats. This and many other major tourist attractions have been incorporated into Gary’s Walking Tour of Key West, available for sale on the website for just $1.49.

1852 AD — The Lutheran Cathedral of Helsinki is built on Senate Square. This prominent landmark is both beautiful and imposing. This and many other major tourist attractions here have been incorporated into Gary’s Walking Tour of Helsinki, available for sale on the website for just $1.49.

1854 AD — The Battle of Balaclava and the Charge of the Light Brigade occurs.

1855 AD — Steel is first mass-produced using the Bessemer Process.

1855 AD — Walt Whitman publishes his famous book of poetry, Leaves of Grass.

1856 AD — The Parliament Building in Victoria, British Columbia, is built. This imposing edifice sits at one end of the city’s harbor. This and many other major tourist attractions here have been incorporated into Gary’s Walking Tour of Victoria, available for sale on the website for just $1.49.

1856 AD — Dolmbahce Palace is built along the Bosphorus in Istanbul, Turkey. It took the place of Topkapi Palace as the residence of Turkey’s sultans. This and many other major tourist attractions here have been incorporated into Gary’s Walking Tour of Istanbul, available for sale on the website for just $1.49.

1857 AD — An Indian Rebellion leads to British control of India (until 1947).

1857 AD — The Paris Opera House, one of the most famous in the world, is constructed. This and many other major tourist attractions here have been incorporated into Gary’s Walking Tour of Paris, available for sale on the website for just $1.49.

1858 AD — Big Ben*, one of the world’s most famous bells, is completed. It is located inside St Stephen’s tower. This and many other major tourist attractions here have been incorporated into Gary’s Walking Tour of London, available for sale on the website for just $1.49.  *= UNESCO World Heritage Site

1858 AD — St Isaac’s Cathedral* is constructed in St Petersburg, Russia. This and many other major tourist attractions here have been incorporated into Gary’s Walking Tour of St Petersburg, available for sale on the website for just $1.49.  *= UNESCO World Heritage Site

1859 AD — Charles Darwin’s cataclysmic book, On the Origin of Species, is published.

1859 AD — The Suez Canal is constructed.

1860 AD — The Pony Express begins delivering mail, newspapers, and small packages from St Joseph, Missouri to Sacramento, California by horseback, using several relay stations.

1861 AD — The Galleria in Milan, Italy, one of the world’s first malls, is constructed.

1861 AD — The United States Civil War begins in America. The first shots were fired in an attack on Fort Sumter, Charleston, South Carolina. The war would last until 1865 and take over 600,000 lives.

1861 AD — The death of Prince Albert occurs in England.

1861 AD — Beylerbeyi Palace is built on the banks of the Bosphorus as a summer residence for sultans.

1862 AD — The French gain their first foothold in Southeast Asia with their acquisition of three (3) provinces in Vietnam.

1863 AD — Formation of the International Red Cross as a result of a conference held in Geneva, Switzerland.

1863 AD — The massive dome was added to the US Capitol Building. This and many other major tourist attractions have been incorporated into Gary’s Walking Tour of Washington DC, available for sale on the website for just $1.49.

1863 AD — Monte Carlo, the casino in the principality of Monaco was built. This and many other major tourist attractions have been incorporated into Gary’s Walking Tour of Monaco, available for sale on the website for just $1.49.

1865 AD — Confederate General Robert E Lee surrenders to Union General Ulysses S Grant at Appomatox Courthouse, ending the US Civil War.

1865 AD — US President Abraham Lincoln is assassinated at the Ford Theater in Washington DC by John Wilkes Booth.

1865 AD — Gregor Mendel formulates the Laws of Inheritance.

1866 AD — The first transatlantic telegraph cable is laid.

1867 AD — The United States purchases Alaska from Russia.

1867 AD — Alfred Nobel invents dynamite.

1867 AD — Construction begins on The New City Hall in Munich, Germany. It is done in Gothic Revival style and features a glockenspiel which performs three times per day. This and many other major tourist attractions have been incorporated into Gary’s Walking Tour of Munich, available for sale on the website for just $1.49.

1869 AD — Leo Tolstoy publishes War and Peace.

1869 AD — The First Transcontinental Railroad is completed in the United State.

1869 AD — Mendeleev produces the Periodic Table of Elements.

1869 AD — The Suez Canal opens.

1869 AD — Neuschwanstein Castle is built in Bavaria by Mad King Ludwig. The castle was never completed because the king died mysteriously in 1886.

1869 AD — The Water Tower in Chicago is built. This was one of only a handful of structures which escaped the famous Chicago fire of 1871. Today it is used as a Chicago Tourist Bureau art gallery. This and many other major tourist attractions here have been incorporated into Gary’s Walking Tour of Chicago, available for sale on the website for just $1.49.

1870 AD — Cape Hatteras Lighthouse is built on the Outer Banks of North Carolina. It was moved in 1999 to prevent its destruction by the encroaching ocean.

1871 AD — Royal Albert Hall opens in London. This and many other major tourist attractions have been incorporated into Gary’s Walking Tour of London, available for sale on the website for just $1.49.

1871 AD — Stanley meets Livingston near Lake Tanganyika.

1872 AD — The world’s first national park is created. Yellowstone National Park, in Wyoming, began a trend which continues today to preserve areas of special interest from development and for posterity.

1872 AD — Construction begins on the Basilica of Notre Dame de Fourviere in Lyons*, France. The church is dedicated to the Virgin Mary who supposedly spared the city from the Bubonic Plague. This and many other major tourist attractions here have been incorporated into Gary’s Walking Tour of Lyons, available for sale on the website for just $1.49.  *= UNESCO World Heritage Site

1873 AD — Blue Jeans and Barbed Wire are both invented.

1873 AD — The Batcheller Mansion is built in Saratoga Springs, New York. This unusual Victorian home has since become a popular inn. This and many other major tourist attractions here have been incorporated into Gary’s Walking Tour of Saratoga Springs, available for sale on the website for just $1.49.

1874 AD — Mark Twain House is built in Hartford, Connecticut. The Clemens lived in the Victorian Gothic house from 1874 to 1891, during which time Samuel wrote some of his most celebrated novels, The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. This and many other major tourist attractions here have been incorporated into Gary’s Walking Tour of Hartford, available for sale on the website for just $1.49.

1875 AD — The HMS Challenger surveys the deepest part of the oceans.

1875 AD — Construction begins on the Basilica of Sacre Coeur in Paris, France. The church was ridiculed as an eyesore when first built but it has become a beloved sight high on a hill above the city. This and many other major tourist attractions here have been incorporated into Gary’s Walking Tour of Paris, available for sale on the website for just $1.49.

1875 AD — Southeast Light is built on Block Island. It had to be moved in 1993 due to erosion of Mohegan Bluffs which were getting much too close to the lighthouse.

1876 AD — The Battle of the Little Big Horn takes place. This conflict is also known as “Custer’s Last Stand,” because General George Custer was killed by the Native Americans, led by Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse.

1876 AD — Invention of the telephone by Alexander Graham Bell.

1877 AD — Crazy Horse surrenders and is killed.

1877 AD — Thomas Edison invents the phonograph.

1877 AD — The Parliament Building of Quebec is built in Quebec City. This and many other major tourist attractions here have been incorporated into Gary’s Walking Tour of Quebec City, available for sale on the website for just $1.49.

1877 AD — The Trinity Church is completed in Boston, Massachusetts. The design of this Episcopal Church cemented the architect, Henry Richardson’s reputation. The style became known as Richardson Romanesque and influenced the style of public buildings across the nation. This and many other major tourist attractions here have been incorporated into Gary’s Walking Tour of Boston, available for sale on the website for just $1.49.

1878 AD — The Connecticut State House is completed in Hartford, CT. This and many other major tourist attractions here have been incorporated into Gary’s Walking Tour of Hartford, available for sale on the website for just $1.49.

1879 AD — Thomas Edison develops the first light bulb.

1879 AD — Iolani Palace is built in Honolulu, Hawaii. It remains the only royal palace in the United States although it has been converted into a museum. This and many other major tourist attractions here have been incorporated into Gary’s Walking Tour of Honolulu, available for sale on the website for just $1.49.

1879 AD — Nubble Light is built along the Southern Maine Coast. Also known as the Cape Neddick Light, it is located about 100 yards offshore in York, Maine. A picture of the lighthouse was included with other photos of notable Earth structures such as the Taj Mahal and the Great Wall of China, on the Voyager Spacecraft.

1880 AD — The First Boer War occurs in South Africa.

1880 AD — Cologne Cathedral is completed. Begun in 1248, the cathedral took over 400 years to build.

1881 AD — Tsar Alexander II is assassinated.

1881 AD — The Gunfight at the OK Corral occurs in Tombstone, Arizona. The confrontation involved Wyatt Earp and Doc Holliday against the Clanton Brothers and others.

1881 AD — Sitting Bull surrenders.

1881 AD — The first public electric power plant is built in London.

1881 AD — President James Garfield, the 20th American president, is assassinated by Charles Guiteau.

1882 AD — Construction of the Sagrada Familia* by Antoni Gaudi begins in Barcelona, Spain. Gaudi never finished the masterpiece but his plans are being used to complete the church even today.  This and many other major tourist attractions here have been incorporated into Gary’s Walking Tour of Barcelona, available for sale on the website for just $1.49.  *= UNESCO World Heritage Site

1883 AD — Krakatoa erupts in Indonesia. Tsunamis from the volcano kill more than 36,000 people.

1883 AD — Treasure Island is published by Robert Louis Stevenson.

1883 AD — The Church of Our Savior on Spilled Blood* is built in St Petersburg, on the site of the assassination of Tsar Nicholas II. This and many other major tourist attractions here have been incorporated into Gary’s Walking Tour of St Petersburg, available for sale on the website for just $1.49.  *= UNESCO World Heritage Site

1884 AD — The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is published by Mark Twain. It has become one of the America’s most celebrated novels.

1884 AD — The machine gun is invented by Sir Hiram Maxim.

1885 AD — Louis Pasteur creates the Rabies Vaccine.

1886 AD — Karl Benz sells the first commercial automobile.

1886 AD — Coca-Cola is developed in Atlanta, Georgia.

1886 AD — The Statue of Liberty* is dedicated on Liberty Island, in New York City harbor. The statue was a gift from the people of France to the United States.  *= UNESCO World Heritage Site

1886 AD — Construction begins on the Tower Bridge, an iconic landmark of London, England.  This and many other major tourist attractions here have been incorporated into Gary’s Walking Tour of London, available for sale on the website for just $1.49.

1886 AD — Linderhof Castle in Bavaria is completed. This is another of Mad King Ludwig’s projects.

1888 AD — Jack the Ripper murders occur in the Whitechapel section of London.

1888 AD — The Ponce de Leon Hotel is built in St Augustine, Florida, by Henry Flagler to attract tourists to this area. The hotel has now been converted into Flagler College. This and many other major tourist attractions here have been incorporated into Gary’s Walking Tour of St Augustine, available for sale on the website for just $1.49.

1888 AD — Hotel del Coronado is built in San Diego, California. This iconic hotel is located on a beach which is often considered one of the best in the United States.

1889 AD — Vincent Van Gogh paints Starry Night. 

1889 AD — Aspirin is patented.

1889 AD — The Moulin Rouge opens in Paris, France. This and many other major tourist attractions here have been incorporated into Gary’s Walking Tour of Paris, available for sale on the website for just $1.49.

1889 AD — The Eiffel Tower* is built in Paris, France as part of the World Exposition. The structure would later be retained as a landmark and has become a symbol of the city. This and many other major tourist attractions here have been incorporated into Gary’s Walking Tour of Paris, available for sale on the website for just $1.49.  *= UNESCO World Heritage Site

1889 AD — The Bennington Battle Monument is erected in Bennington, Vermont, to commemorate a Revolutionary War victory by the Americans over the British.

1890 AD — The Battle of Wounded Knee occurs in South Dakota. It marks the end of the American Indian Wars.

1890 AD — The Electric Chair is first used as a form of execution.

1890 AD — Vincent van Gogh dies.

1890 AD — The cardboard box is invented.

1890 AD — Luxembourg separated from the Netherlands and became its own Grand Duchy.

1891 AD — The Wrigley Company (of chewing gum fame) is established in Chicago, Illinois.

1892 AD — The sport of basketball is invented by James Naismith.

1892 AD — Fingerprinting is used for the first time as a means of identification.

1892 AD — The Pabst Mansion, home of Frederick Pabst, founder of the Pabst Brewing Company, is completed in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

1893 AD — The Chateau Frontenac, a huge hotel which dominates the skyline of Quebec City, Canada, is constructed. This and many other major tourist attractions here have been incorporated into Gary’s Walking Tour of Quebec City, available for sale on the website for just $1.49.

1893 AD — The Mormon Temple in Salt Lake City, Utah is built. This temple has become the world headquarters of the Church of Jesus Christ of the Latter Day Saints. This and many other major tourist attractions here have been incorporated into Gary’s Walking Tour of Salt Lake City, available for sale on the website for just $1.49.

1895 AD — Cuba achieves independence from Spain.

1895 AD — Construction begins on the Rhode Island State House which is patterned on the US Capitol Building in Washington, DC.

1895 AD — The Biltmore Estate is completed in Asheville, North Carolina. This largest privately-owned residence in the US was built for George Vanderbilt. It is now operated as a museum.

1895 AD — The Breakers, a summer cottage built for Cornelius Vanderbilt, is completed along the rocky shore of Newport, Rhode Island. The mansion, in all its gilded splendor, is located just off Bellevue Avenue and is now operated as a museum. This and many other major tourist attractions here have been incorporated into Gary’s Walking Tour of Newport, available for sale on the website for just $1.49.

1896 AD — The Olympic Games are revived in Athens, Greece.

1896 AD — The Southernmost House of Key West, Florida is built. It is the southernmost residence in the continental USA. This and many other major tourist attractions here have been incorporated into Gary’s Walking Tour of Key West, available for sale on the website for just $1.49.

1897 AD — Bram Stoker writes Dracula.

1898 AD — The Spanish-American War commences. At the end of the conflict, the United States gained possession of Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippine Islands.

1898 AD — Dowager Cixi of China engineers a coup.

1898 AD — H.G.Wells publishes the War of the Worlds.

1899 AD — The Second Boer War begins in South Africa.

1900 AD — Hawai’i becomes a United States territory.

1900 AD — The Alexander Nevsky Cathedral is built in Tallinn, Estonia. This and many other major tourist attractions here have been incorporated into Gary’s Walking Tour of Tallinn, available for sale on the website for just $1.49.